Frugal

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

frugal
‘fru:g(ə)l
■ adjective sparing or economical as regards money or food.

frugality noun
frugally adverb

C16: from L. frugalis, from frugi ‘economical, thrifty’, from frux, frug- ‘fruit’.
…
Merriam-Webster Collegiate® Dictionary
fru·gal
Pronunciation: ‘frü-gəl
Function: adjective
Etymology: Middle French or Latin; Middle French, from Latin frugalis virtuous, frugal, from frug-, frux fruit, value; akin to Latin frui to enjoy
Date: 1590

: characterized by or reflecting economy in the use of resources
synonyms see SPARING
–fru·gal·i·ty \frü-‘ga-lə-tē\ noun
–fru·gal·ly \’frü-gə-lē\ adverb
…
EngMac
frugality
n. 1. штедливост.; 2. скромност, умереност (на јадење/храна).; 3. pe ј. скржавост, стиснатост
…
English-Serbian dictionary
Frugality
Stedljivost

Frugal was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

Forebode

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

Concise Oxford English Dictionary
forebode
■ verb archaic act as an advance warning of (something bad).
…
Merriam-Webster Collegiate® Dictionary
fore·bode
Variant: also for·bode
Pronunciation: (ˌ)fȯr-‘bōd
Function: transitive verb
Date: 1603

1 : to have an inward conviction of (as coming ill or misfortune)
2 : FORETELL, PORTEND
intransitive verb : AUGUR, PREDICT
–fore·bod·er noun
…
EngMac
forebode
претскажува
…
English-Serbian dictionary
Forebode
Pretskazati-Naslutiti-Predosetiti-Proreci

Forebode was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

Herman Goldstine

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

Herman Heine Goldstine (September 13, 1913 – June 16, 2004) was a mathematician and computer scientist, who worked as the director of the IAS machine at Princeton University‘s Institute for Advanced Study and helped to develop ENIAC, the first of the modern electronic digital computers. He subsequently worked for many years at IBM as an IBM Fellow, the company’s most prestigious technical position.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Goldstine

Herman Goldstine was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

What is Russell’s paradox?

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

Russell’s paradox is based on examples like this: Consider a group of barbers who shave only those men who do not shave themselves. Suppose there is a barber in this collection who does not shave himself; then by the definition of the collection, he must shave himself. But no barber in the collection can shave himself. (If so, he would be a man who does shave men who shave themselves.)

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-russells-paradox/

What is Russell’s paradox? was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

IAS machine

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

The IAS machine was the first electronic computer built at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey. It is sometimes called the von Neumann machine, since the paper describing its design was edited by John von Neumann, a mathematics professor at both Princeton University and IAS. The computer was built from late 1945 until 1951 under his direction. The general organization is called von Neumann architecture, even though it was both conceived and implemented by others. The computer is in the collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of American History but is not currently on display.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAS_machine

IAS machine was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

IAS machine

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

The IAS machine was the first electronic computer built at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey. It is sometimes called the von Neumann machine, since the paper describing its design was edited by John von Neumann, a mathematics professor at both Princeton University and IAS. The computer was built from late 1945 until 1951 under his direction. The general organization is called von Neumann architecture, even though it was both conceived and implemented by others. The computer is in the collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of American History but is not currently on display.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAS_machine

IAS machine was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

IBM 701

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

The IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was IBM’s first commercial scientific computer and its first series production mainframe computer, which was announced to the public on May 21, 1952. It was invented and developed by Jerrier Haddad and Nathaniel Rochester based on the IAS machine at Princeton.

The IBM 701 was the first computer in the IBM 700/7000 series, which were IBM’s high-end computers until the arrival of the IBM System/360 in 1964.

The business-oriented sibling of the 701 was the IBM 702 and a lower-cost general-purpose sibling was the IBM 650, which gained fame as the first mass-produced computer.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_701

IBM 701 was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic

Price equation

Jovan Stosic August 19, 2023

In the theory of evolution and natural selection, the Price equation (also known as Price’s equation or Price’s theorem) describes how a trait or allele changes in frequency over time. The equation uses a covariance between a trait and fitness, to give a mathematical description of evolution and natural selection. It provides a way to understand the effects that gene transmission and natural selection have on the frequency of alleles within each new generation of a population. The Price equation was derived by George R. Price, working in London to re-derive W.D. Hamilton‘s work on kin selection. Examples of the Price equation have been constructed for various evolutionary cases. The Price equation also has applications in economics.

It is important to note that the Price equation is not a physical or biological law. It is not a concise or general expression of experimentally validated results. It is rather a purely mathematical relationship between various statistical descriptors of population dynamics. It is mathematically valid, and therefore not subject to experimental verification. In simple terms, it is a mathematical restatement of the expression “survival of the fittest” which is actually self-evident, given the mathematical definitions of “survival” and “fittest”.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_equation

Price equation was last modified: August 19th, 2023 by Jovan Stosic